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Departments of Physiology & Anaesthesia, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada

This article presents a short overview of current knowledge about the medullary respiratory neurones and the generation of breathing rhythm. The background respiratory neurophysiology of the medulla and pons is briefly reviewed, with some current ideas about the organization of the pontine–medullary respiratory control system and its development. Questions and speculations about the organization and generation of respiratory rhythm are included, with a view to stimulating experiments to provide answers.

(Received 19 May 2004; accepted after revision 17 June 2004; first published online 15 July 2004)
Corresponding author James Duffin: Departments of Physiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 3326, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada. Email: j.duffin{at}utoronto.ca

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