Received April 26, 2005
Revised June 6, 2005
Accepted after revision August 22, 2005
Human/environmental and exercise physiology
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Gender differences in fibrinoltyic responses to exercise training and their determinants
Onanong Kulaputana 1,
Richard F Macko 2,
Ioana Ghiu 3,
Dana A Phares 3,
Andrew P Goldberg 2,
James Hagberg 4*
1 Chulalangthorn School of Medicine
2 University of Maryland School of Medicine
3 University of Maryland College Park
4 University of Maryland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hagberg{at}umd.edu.
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Abstract |
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Endurance exercise training improves fibrinolysis, however, these training-induced adaptations may differ somewhat between men and women. We sought to determine if the potential gender differences in training-induced changes in selected fibrinolysis measures were related to changes in adiposity and/or plasma lipoprotein-lipid levels. 17 men and 28 women 50 - 75 yrs old, who were generally overweight to obese, had plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity, t-PA antigen and plasma lipoprotein-lipid levels, and body composition assessed before and after 6 months of endurance exercise training while on a low-fat diet. At baseline, there were no differences in fibrinolytic measures between men and women. Baseline levels of these fibrinolytic markers in both men and women were primarily related to other fibrinolytic measures and body composition, with a smaller contribution from plasma HDL-C levels. Exercise training reduced t-PA antigen levels in both men and women, however the reduction was significantly greater in men (-1.6+0.3 vs.-0.5+0.2 ng/mL, p=0.007). Exercise training decreased PAI-1 activity more in men than women (-2.6+1.4 vs. +0.9+0.9 IU/ml, p=0.03). Men and women both increased t-PA activity with exercise training to the same extent (+0.38+0.12 vs. +0.36+0.24 U/mL). The changes in fibrinolytic measures with exercise training in men and women were correlated with changes in other fibrinolytic measures, although in men abdominal fat changes were a strong predictor of fibrinolytic changes with training. These findings suggest that training-induced improvements in endogenous fibrinolysis markers are somewhat greater in men compared to women and may be more strongly associated with abdominal obesity in men.
Key Words:
Exercise
